Reproduction is a normal physiologic event that is absolutely
necessary for the survival of the human race. Therefore, infertility
is a "real" medical problem that is the result of real
pathology.
Infertility is not uncommon, affecting about 10-15% of reproductive
age couples (roughly 1 in 7). The remarkable advances in In Vitro
Fertilization (IVF) and the Assisted Reproductive Technologies
(ARTs) have resulted in the birth of several thousand "miracle
babies" over the past few decades. There is also a growing
desire for pregnancy in women over 35 years of age, many of whom
have postponed their childbearing until they have acheived career
stability. For these reasons, the number of couples seeking medical
attention for infertility related problems has rapidly grown and
the medical community has responded with rapidly developing technology.
The causes of infertility for a specific couple are not always
easily recognized. However, if the couple decides to undergo a
series of basic diagnostic tests then specific treatable abnormalities
associated with infertility may be discovered. Following a full
basic evaluation only 5-10% of couples will still have "unexplained
infertility."
Treating infertility can also be difficult. There are frequently
several accepted alternative treatments for any given abnormality
that is discovered. The "optimal" treatment is often
controversial since there is usually little reliable scientific
data to support one treatment plan over another. Therefore, the
physician must use his (her) own experience with the available
treatment options for guidance. Relying on the advise of a seasoned
and well trained professional is therefore very important.
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